What is ADHD?

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a neurological difference that affects attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. ADHD is typically lifelong, but ADHD traits can sometimes be less extreme in adulthood. This can be because of lifestyle choices and the development of coping mechanisms throughout someones life.

Types of ADHD

ADHD is often separated into three types - inattentive, hyperactive, or combined type. The type of ADHD someone has is determined by the traits they have.

Bear in mind that everyone experiences ADHD differently so the symptoms will vary for everyone. Some people may only experience traits of inattentiveness or hyperactivity, while others may experience both (combined type).

There is much more research into ADHD in children, so symptoms in adults are less established. Symptoms of ADHD in adults can be different to symptoms in children and are often more subtle. For example, adults with ADHD are less likely to experience traits of hyperactivity. Adults may also have developed strategies or made certain lifestyle choices to help with any symptoms.

Symptoms of ADHD in adults

While ADHD is associated with many strengths such as creativity and spontaneity, the symptoms used to diagnose ADHD often focus on the difficulties often associated with ADHD. These symptoms include:

• Lack of attention to detail or makes careless mistakes

• Difficulty sustaining attention

• Starts task before finishing others

• Unorganised

• Often loses or misplaces things

• Forgetfulness

• Restlessness

• Interrupts others or speaks out of turn

• Impatient, irritable, or has a quick temper

• Mood swings

• Poor stress management

• Difficulty regulating emotions

Causes

The cause of ADHD is not well understood though the condition has genetic links and often runs in families. The risk factors associated with ADHD include premature birth, epilepsy and head injuries in the womb or later in life.

While we don’t know the exact reason why the brains of people with ADHD work differently, some studies have suggested that certain areas of the brain are a different size to people without ADHD. Other studies suggest that there may be different levels of neurotransmitters in the brain.

Read more:

• Strengths of ADHD

• Getting an ADHD Diagnosis (UK)

• Support for ADHD

• Supporting Someone with ADHD